__FILE__

__FILE__
__FILE__ is a preprocessor macro that expands to full path to the current file. __FILE__ is useful when generating log statements, error messages intended for programmers, when throwing exceptions, or when writing debugging code.
int logError (const char* file, const std::string& message)
{
    cerr << "[" << file << "]" << message << endl;
}
#define LOG( message ) logError( __FILE__, message )

// LOG can now be used to produce a log message that includes the file in which the log occurrred
The __FILE__ macro is often combined with the __LINE__ macro, which expands to the current line number.

Related

C preprocessor tutorial